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Thirty-one phenolic constituents were isolated and purified from the 95% ethanol extract of Sanguisorbae Radix by using various chromatographic techniques, including macroporous resin, silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20 and semi-preparative HPLC. Their structures were elucidated by physicochemical properties, spectroscopic data (MS and NMR) and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra, and identified as 3-methoxyl-2S,3S-epoxyflavanone (1a), 3-methoxyl-2R,3R-epoxyflavanone (1b), longifoin B (2), longifoin C (3), eriodictyol (4), naringenin (5), liquiritigenin (6), 5,3ʹ-dihydroxy-7,4ʹ-dimethoxyflavanone (7), naringenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (8), dihydroquercetin (9), dihydrokaempferol (10), (-)-garbanzol (11), (2R,3R)-4-methoxyl-distylin (12), kaempferol (13), quercetin (14), α,4,2′,4′-tetrahydroxydihydrochalcone (15), phloretin (16), (+)-catechin (17), ethyl (+)-cyanidan-3-ol-8-carboxylate (18), phyllocoumarin (19), methyl 3-methoxy-4,5-dihydroxybenzoate (20), 4,5-dimethoxy-3-hydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester (21), 3,4′-di-O-methylellagic acid (22), 3,4,3′-O-trimethylellagic acid (23), 3,3ʹ,4ʹ-O-trimethylellagic acid-4-O-β-D-xyloside (24), (3R)-thunberginol C (25), resveratrol (26), 1-hydroxypinoresinol (27), (7S,8S)-3-methoxy-3′,7-epoxy-8,4′-oxyneoligna-4,9,9′-triol (28), emodin-8-O-β-D-glucoside (29), phloracetophenone (30) and 4-(4′-hydroxyphenyl)-butan-2-one (31). Among them, compound 1a and 1b is a pair of new flavonoid enantiomers, compounds 2 and 3 are a pair of new epimers, while compounds 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 13, 16 and 26 were obtained from S. officinalis for the first time, compounds 7, 8, 27, 30 and 31 were isolated for the first time from the S. officinalis genus, and compounds 11, 12, 15, 18, 19, 25, 28 and 29 were isolated for the first time from the Rosaceae. The antioxidant activities of compounds 1-24 were evaluated by activating the Nrf2 transcriptional pathway, which were measured by the dual-luciferase reporter gene assay in 293T cells. Compounds 4, 6-10, 12, 14, 17, 19, 20 and 22-24 showed significant Nrf2 agonistic effect compared with the control group at 25 μmol·L-1, which provided reference for the research of their antioxidant activity.
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Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of infantile Takayasu Arteritis (TAK) complicated with cardiac involvements.Methods:The clinical data and cardiac lesions of infantile TAK were collected retrospectively, and the clinical characteristics of the disease were analyzed and summarized. Mainly using decriptive statistical methods.Results:In these 20 cases, 16 cases (80%) had cardiac involvements, only 2 cases had related symptoms. The common lesions were coronary artery lesion (CAL), valvular disease, and elevated myocardial enzymes, while the rare lesions were arrhythmia, pericardial effusion, hypertensive heart disease, and heart failure. One case had acute heart failure, which was systolic heart failure and was accompanied by hypertensive heart disease. All 14 patients with CAL were found by conventional coronary ultrasound screening. A total of 39 CAL were found, all of which were coronary artery dilation, and the left main coronary artery was involved. Five patients had heart valve disease, all of them were valve insufficiency. The involved valves were mitral and tricuspid valves, and one of them was severe insufficiency. Arrhythmias were found in 2 cases, of which P1 was found to have paroxysmal atrial tachycardia with high atrioventricular block at 3 months. All 20 children survived and were in stable condition after being treat with biological agents and/or glucocorticoids. A case of hypertensive heart disease complicated with heart failure was followed up for 4 years, and the cardiac function and blood pressure returned to normal. Fourteen children with CAL lesions were given oral aspirin disease, the CALs disappeared in 10 cases and retracted in 4 cases. During the follow-up of 5 children with heart valves, insufficiency disappeared in 4 cases and improved in 1. No child underwent valve replacement during the follow-up. One of the children with arrhythmia was treated with antiarrhythmic drugs. After treatment, the arrhythmia disappeared. Now they have been followed up for 5 years without recurrence.Conclusion:Infantile TAK has a high incidence of heart involvement, with extensive lesions but insidious clinical symptoms. CALs are common, and heart failure is rare. It should be evaluated and treated as early as possible.
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Objective:To compare the clinical efficacy between bone transport technique combined with bone grafting plus internal fixation and simple bone transport technique in the treatment of large segmental bone defects at lower limbs after trauma.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 42 patients with large segmental bone defects at lower limbs after trauma who had been treated at Department of Trauma Orthopaedics, Honghui Hospital Affiliated to Medicine College, Xi'an Jiaotong University from September 2015 to September 2019. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the different methods of repairing bone defects. In group A of 18 patients subjected to bone transport combined with bone grafting plus internal fixation, there were 11 males and 7 females with an age of (35.2±10.3) years, and 12 tibial defects and 6 femoral defects; in group B of 24 patients subjected to simple bone transport, there were 15 males and 9 females with an age of (37.3±9.4) years, and 17 tibial defects and 7 femoral defects. The external fixation time (EFT), external fixation index (EFI), total cure time and complications were recorded and compared between the 2 groups. At the last follow-up, the Ennecking score for limb functional recovery (score/total score 30) and Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) were used to evaluate respectively the functional recovery of the limbs and postoperative anxiety.Results:The 2 groups were comparable because there was no significant difference between them in preoperative general data or follow-up time ( P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the number of surgeries between the 2 groups ( P>0.05). The EFT [(5.9±1.5) months], EFI [(0.45±0.09) months/cm], total treatment time [(16.2±2.4) months], Ennecking score for limb functional recovery (87.0%±8.6%), SAS score [(43.2±9.0) points], and complications per capita [(0.4±0.2) times/case] in group A were significantly better than those in group B [(15.3±4.2) months, (1.19±0.28) months/cm, (19.7±3.5) months, (77.3%±9.2%), (58.2±9.3) points, and (1.2±0.5) times/case] (all P<0.05). Conclusion:In the treatment of large segmental bone defects at lower limbs, compared with simple bone transport technique, bone transport technique combined with bone grafting plus internal fixation has advantages of shorter external fixation time and overall cure time, a lower rate of complications, and better functional recovery of the limbs.
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Objective:To investigate the clinical effects of antibiotic-loaded calcium sulfate-autologous iliac bone combined with sural neurocutaneous flap in the one-stage treatment of chronic calcaneus osteomyelitis plus skin and soft tissue defects.Methods:From January 2013 to September 2019, 48 patients were admitted to Department of Orthopedic Trauma, Xi'an Honghui Hospital Affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University for chronic calcaneal osteomyelitis complicated with skin and soft tissue defects. They were divided into 2 groups according to different bone grafts. In group A of 26 patients treated at one stage by antibiotic-loaded calcium sulfate-autologous iliac bone combined with sural neurocutaneous flap, there were 16 males and 10 females with an age of (45.0±11.7) years and an area of skin defect of (56.0±16.7) cm 2. In group B of 22 patients treated at one stage by simple autologous iliac bone combined with sural neurocutaneous flap, there were 13 males and 9 females with an age of (43.6±9.6) years and an area of skin defect of (53.8±16.2) cm 2. The volume of the ilium harvested, fracture healing time, infection control, donor site complications, pain score of visual analogue scale (VAS) and function recovery of the ankle were compared between the 2 groups. Results:There was no significant difference in the preoperative general data between the 2 groups, showing comparability ( P>0.05). The 48 patients were followed up for (15.3±6.0) months. Group A had a significantly smaller volume of the ilium harvested [(67.3±14.1) cm 3] than group B [(90.7±23.5) cm 3], a significantly lower rate of donor site complications [3.8% (1/26)] than group B [31.8% (7/22)], significantly lower VAS pain scores at 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours than group B, and significantly lower WBC count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein at 2, 4, 8 weeks after operation than group B (all P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups in the infection control rate [96.2% (25/26) versus 77.3% (17/22)], the fracture healing time [(6.2±1.9) months versus (6.4±2.1) months], or the ankle-hindfoot score of AOFAS (The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society) (83.9±7.2 versus 82.5±8.7) at 6 months after operation (all P>0.05). Conclusion:In one-stage treatment of chronic calcaneal osteomyelitis complicated with skin and soft tissue defects, compared with simple autologous iliac bone combined with sural neurocutaneous flap, antibiotic-loaded calcium sulfate-autologous iliac bone combined with sural neurocutaneous flap can reduce the volume of the ilium harvested, pain score of VAS, and incidence of donor site complications, and improve the recovery of inflammatory indicators, leading to fine clinical effects.
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Periarticular fracture of the shoulder is a common type of fractures in the elderly. Postoperative adverse events such as internal fixation failure, humeral head ischemic necrosis and upper limb dysfunction occur frequently, which seriously endangers the exercise and health of the elderly. Compared with the fracture with normal bone mass, the osteoporotic periarticular fracture of the shoulder is complicated with slow healing and poor rehabilitation, so the clinical management becomes more difficult. At present, there is no targeted guideline or consensus for this type of fracture in China. In such context, experts from Youth Osteoporosis Group of Chinese Orthopedic Association, Orthopedic Expert Committee of Geriatrics Branch of Chinese Association of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Osteoporosis Group of Youth Committee of Chinese Association of Orthopedic Surgeons and Osteoporosis Committee of Shanghai Association of Chinese Integrative Medicine developed the Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporotic periarticular fracture of the shoulder in the elderly ( version 2023). Nine recommendations were put forward from the aspects of diagnosis, treatment strategies and rehabilitation of osteoporotic periarticular fracture of the shoulder, hoping to promote the standardized, systematic and personalized diagnosis and treatment concept and improve functional outcomes and quality of life in elderly patients with osteoporotic periarticular fracture of the shoulder.
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Objective:To study the effect of iodine excess on antioxidant capacity and blood lipid in adult.Methods:A survey was conducted in areas with different iodine nutrition levels in Shandong and Shanxi provinces to collect fasting morning urine and venous blood samples of adults. Urinary iodine, serum levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), total cholesterol (TCHO), triglyceride (TG), apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1) and apolipoprotein B (apoB), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were determined. According to the median urinary iodine of the population in the investigated village, they were divided into appropriate iodine group (100-299 μg/L) and iodine excess group (≥300 μg/L) . Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the effects of iodine nutrition and other factors on oxidative stress indexes and blood lipids. Partial correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between iodine nutrition and oxidative stress indexes and blood lipids.Results:A total of 1 049 subjects were included, including 471 in the appropriate iodine group and 578 in the iodine excess group. The median (quartile) urinary iodine of the appropriate iodine group and the iodine excess group was 228.70 (157.02, 341.49) and 558.73 (298.06, 985.06) μg/L, respectively. The serum SOD level of the appropriate iodine group and the iodine excess group was 12.60 (10.83, 14.10) and 11.29 (9.18, 13.10) U/ml, respectively, and the difference between the groups was statistically significant ( U = 92 697.50, P < 0.001). There were statistically significant differences in serum TG, HDL-C and apoB levels between the appropriate iodine group and the iodine excess group ( U = 108 879.50, 96 613.50, 99 050.50, P < 0.05). The results of multiple linear regression showed that after excluding age, gender and body mass index (BMI), there was a negative correlation between iodine nutrition and serum SOD and HDL-C levels [standard regression coefficient ( β) = - 0.196, - 0.294, P < 0.001]. Partial correlation analysis showed that there was a negative correlation between iodine nutrition and serum SOD and HDL-C levels [correlation coefficient ( r) = - 0.16, - 0.09, P < 0.05]. Conclusion:Excessive iodine intake affects oxidative stress and lipid metabolism in human body.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of T-lymphocyte and subpopulation counts on the prognosis of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) patients.Methods:The clinical data of 90 patients with SAP diagnosed at the Shanghai General Hospital between January 2019 and June 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, and the patients were divided into good prognosis and poor prognosis group according to whether they were diagnosed for 28 d. The general information of the patients was recorded, including blood-related immunological indicators within 24 h of diagnosis, including leukocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, CD 3+ , CD 4+ , CD 8+ T-lymphocyte count and CD 4+ /CD 8+ T-lymphocyte ratio, IgG4 level; blood inflammation index procalcitonin, albumin level and APACHEⅡ score at admission; survival and complication status of patients at 28 d of diagnosis. Non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyze the correlation between each index and the prognosis of the patients. The subject operating characteristic curve (ROC) of patients was plotted, and area under curve (AUC) was calculated to assess the value of CD 3+ and CD 4+ T-lymphocytes in predicting the prognosis of SAP. Results:The majority of SAP patients were male (65.6%). The main cause of SAP was gallstone (56.7%), followed by hyperlipidemia (35.6%). At 28 days after diagnosis, 85(94.4%) patients survived, and 39 of them were cured and included in the good prognosis group. Forty-six cases were complicated with infection, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and local pancreatic complications, and 5 cases (5.56%) died; and a total of 51 cases were included in the poor prognosis group. Compared with the good prognosis group, the number of CD 3+ T-lymphocytes [366(268, 498) cells /μl vs 709(578, 999) cells /μl], CD 4+ T-lymphocytes [209(120, 298) cells /μl vs 486(303, 548) cells /μl] and albumin level (33.9 g/L vs 35.9 g/L) within 24 hours in the poor prognosis group were significantly lower, while the level of procalcitonin (1.02 ng/ml vs 0.43 ng/ml) and APACHEⅡ score [7(4, 10) vs 5(3, 8)] were significantly increased, and all the differences were statistically significant (all P value <0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC values for CD 3+ and CD 4+ T-lymphocyte counts within 24 hours for predicting poor prognosis of SAP were 0.857 (95% CI 0.696-1.000) and 0.867 (95% CI 0.708-1.000), respectively. The cut-off values were 524 cells /μl and 301 cells /μl, the sensitivity were both 85.7%, and the specificity were 78.6% and 85.7%, respectively. Conclusions:The significant decrease of peripheral blood CD 3+ and CD 4+ T-lymphocyte count within 24 h of SAP diagnosis has a certain predictive value for the prognosis of patients with SAP.
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Background@#This study aimed to explore relationships between job stress and psychological adaptation and how they related to interpersonal needs through mood states among female migrant manufacturing workers. @*Methods@#A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 16 factories in Shenzhen, China. Sociodemographic, job stress, psychological adaptation and other psychological information of was collected. Structural equation modeling was performed to delineate the internal relationship between variables. @*Results@#The hypothetical structural equation model exhibited acceptable model fit among female migrant manufacturing workers (χ2 = 11.635, df = 2, χ2/df = 5.82, p = 0.003, RMSEA = 0.090, CFI = 0.972, SRMR = 0.020). Job stress was directly associated with mood states and interpersonal needs; Psychological adaptation was directly associated with mood states and indirectly associated with interpersonal needs; Bootstrapping tests demonstrated mediation effect of mood states in the way from psychological adaptation to interpersonal needs. @*Conclusion@#Female migrant manufacturing workers who suffered stress from job and the process of psychological adaptation may have worse mood states and workers with worse mood states are more likely to develop unmet interpersonal needs, a proximal factor of suicidal ideation.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of Qihuang Jianpi Zishen granules in the treatment of cardiac involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus （SLE）. MethodA total of 62 SLE patients with cardiac involvement treated in the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology， the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine from June 2021 to December 2022 were randomized into control and observation groups （n=31）. The control group was treated with methylprednisolone tablets and hydroxychloroquine sulfate tablets， and the observation group with Qihuang Jianpi Zishen granules on the basis of the therapy in the control group. After 12 weeks of treatment， the two groups were compared in terms of the therapeutic effect， cardiac function indicators ［left atrial end-diastolic diameter （LADd）， left ventricular end-diastolic diameter （LVDd）， left ventricular posterior wall thickness （LVPWTd）， peak blood flow velocity in early diastolic period （peak E）， peak blood flow velocity in late diastolic period （peak A）， E/A ratio， stroke volume （SV）， left ventricular ejection fraction （LVEF）， left ventricular short axis shortening rate （LVFS）， and B-type natriuretic peptide （BNP）］， vascular damage indicators ［nitric oxide （NO）， endothelin-1 （ET-1）， vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF）， and homocysteine （Hcy）］， inflammation indicators ［erythrocyte sedimentation rate （ESR） and hypersensitive C-reactive protein （Hs-CRP）］， anti-double-stranded DNA （dsDNA） antibodies， disease activity index （SLEDAI） score， mitigation of symptoms and signs， and occurrence of adverse reactions. ResultThe total response rate in the observation group was 87.09%， which was higher than that （67.74%） in the control group （P<0.01）， and the incidence of adverse reactions had no significant difference between the two groups. After treatment， the control group showed lowered LVDd， LVPWTd， BNP， ET-1， VEGF， and Hcy （P<0.05） and increased E peak， E/A ratio， SV， LVEF， and LVFS （P<0.05）. In the observation group， LADd， LVDd， LVPWTd， peak A， BNP， NO， ET-1， VEGF， and Hcy decreased （P<0.05）， while peak E， E/A ratio， SV， LVEF and LVFS increased （P<0.05） after treatment. The treatment in both groups decreased the scores of palpitation， chest tightness， dyspnea， and edema （P<0.05）， reduced ESR， Hs-CRP， ds-DNA， and SLEDAI （P<0.05）. After treatment， the observation group had lower LADd， LVDd， LVPWTd， peak A， BNP， and scores of palpation， chest tightness， dyspnea， and edema （P<0.05） and higher peak E， E/A ratio， SV， LVEF， and LVFS （P<0.05） than the control group. In addition， the observation group had lower NO， ET-1， VEGF， Hcy， ESR， Hs-CRP， ds-DNA， and SLEDAI than the control group （P<0.05）. ConclusionQihuang Jianpi Zishen granules combined with hydroxychloroquine sulfate and methylprednisolone can improve multiple indicators and mitigate the symptoms and signs of SLE patients with cardiac involvement， demonstrating a clinical application value.
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Objective:To evaluate the influence of a moisturizer containing oat kernel oil for xeroderma and water content of the stratum corneum in children.Methods:From September to December 2022, 30 children with xeroderma were treated in the Dermatology Department of Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Beijing; 13 were males and 17 were females, and the age was 7.33±2.63 years. This was a single-center self-controlled trial. All children applied the moisturizer on the dry skin of the bilateral limbs two time per day for 14 days, and were followed up at 7 days and 14 days. Efficacy was evaluated according to the water content of the stratum corneum, visual scale, xerosis severity scale (XSS), Specified Symptom Sum Score (SRRC), Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and so on. and side-reactions were recorded.Results:After application of the moisturizer, the median of water content in the stratum corneum was 49.00 (33.83, 87.25), 48.84 (32.58, 100.34) at 7 d and 14 d respectively, showing significant increases compared with that at baseline (median 26.51 (16.00, 47.75) ( Z=-3.075, Z=-2.911, P<0.01). The visual scale, XSS, SRRC and VAS showed that compared with the baseline at 7 d, 14 d, the skin dryness and pruritus scores improved significantly ( Z=-4.424, -4.150, -3.943, -4.400; Z=-4.744, -4.409, -4.260, -4.409, P<0.01). Conclusions:The application of this moisturizer containing oat kernel oil could effectively improve skin dryness and the water content of the stratum corneum without serious adverse reactions.
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Objective:To investigate the risk factors affecting in-hospital mortality in patients with acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI).Methods:From January 1, 2014 to June 30, 2022, the clinical data of 67 patients diagnosed with AMI at Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University were retrospectively analyzed, which included basic data (age, gender, past medical history and comorbidities, etc.), laboratory results (white blood cell count (WBC), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine, prothrombin time (PT), etc.), and imaging manifestations (intestinal pneumatosis, intestinal wall thickening, intestinal dilation, ascites). The clinical data of AMI patients who died during hospitalization were compared with that of AMI patients who survived. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the independent risk factors of in-hospital mortality in patients with AMI. Mann-Whitney U test and chi-square test were used for statistical analysis. Results:Among the 67 patients with AMI, 17 died and 50 survived. There were significant differences between died and survived patients with AMI in age, the proportion of patients with organ failure, WBC, ALT, AST, creatinine, PT, and the proportion of patients with intestinal dilatation and ascites (76 years old(68 years old, 79 years old) vs. 61 years old (50 years old, 74 years old), 12/17 vs.12.0%(6/50), 15.8×10 9/L(13.5×10 9/L, 23.7×10 9/L) vs. 12.1×10 9/L (9.1×10 9/L, 19.4×10 9/L), 32.0 U/L(19.0 U/L, 88.5 U/L) vs. 20.5 U/L(14.8 U/L, 29.0 U/L), 64.0 U/L(33.8 U/L, 117.0 U/L) vs. 26.0 U/L (18.5 U/L, 36.8 U/L), 135.0 μmol/L(61.5 μmol/L, 198.5 μmol/L) vs. 73.5 μmol/L(60.5 μmol/L, 85.0 μmol/L), 13.7 s(12.9 s, 16.3 s) vs. 12.7 s (11.9 s, 13.6 s), 13/17 vs. 38.0%(19/50), 10/17 vs. 24.0% (12/50); Z=3.06, χ2=22.16, Z=2.01, 2.69, 4.08, 2.45 and 2.78, χ2=7.53 and 6.98; P=0.002, <0.001, =0.044, =0.007, <0.001, =0.014, =0.006, =0.006 and =0.008). The results of binary logistic regression analysis showed that age ( OR=1.224, 95% confidence interval 1.011 to 1.482, P=0.038), organ failure ( OR=113.989, 95% confidence interval 1.353 to 9 604.644, P=0.036), and ascites ( OR=348.289, 95% confidence interval 1.676 to 72 357.934, P=0.032) were independent risk factors of in-hospital mortality in AMI patients. Conclusion:Age, organ failure and ascites are independent risk factors of in-hospital mortality in AMI patients.
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Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of combining electroacupuncture with long needle sacral nerve acupuncture in the treatment of diabetic overactive bladder.Methods:A total of 90 patients with diabetic overactive bladder were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, each of 45. In addition to the basic treatment for diabetes, the observation group received electroacupuncture combined with long needle sacral nerve acupuncture 5 times a week for 4 weeks, while the control group was given 5mg of oral solinax succinate once a day as a course of treatment. One week before the beginning of the experiment and one week before its end, urination diary cards were used to record the average number of times of daytime and nighttime urination daily, as well as any urgent urination and urinary incontinence during the week. Bladder overactivity syndrome score (OABSS), the bladder overactivity quality of life questionnaire (OAB-q), maximum urine flow rate (Qmax) and mean urine flow rate (Qave) were employed to quantify urination status, life quality and the urodynamics of the 2 groups before and after the treatment.Results:After the treatment, significant improvement was observed in the average weekly incidence of daytime and nighttime urination, of urgent urination and of urinary incontinence. The average OABSS, OAB-q, Qmax and Qave scores improved in both groups, but the experimental group showed significantly better improvement than the control group.Conclusion:Electroacupuncture combined with sacral nerve needling can significantly reduce the frequency of urination, relieve the symptoms of urgent urination and incontinence, and improve the rate of urine flow, improving the life quality of patients with diabetic overactive bladder.
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Dermatomyositis, a common autoimmune disease in clinical practice, often involves muscles and lungs, and can be complicated by malignant tumors, and the lung involvement can be fatal. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment of dermatomyositis is of great benefit for the reduction of muscle and lung injury, early recognition and management of malignant tumors, and improvement of prognosis and survival rate of patients. However, the heterogeneity and various clinical manifestations of dermatomyositis pose challenges to early diagnosis. This article describes risk factors for dermatomyositis complicated by rapidly progressive pulmonary interstitial fibrosis, dysphagia or malignant tumors, and proposes a mode of "rashes + nailfold capillary abnormalities + myositis antibodies" for the early diagnosis of dermatomyositis, early recognition of important visceral injury and tumors, and early management, in order to improve overall survival rate of patients.
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Objective:To investigate the effect and mechanism of ionizing radiation on ferroptosis in mouse hepatocytes.Methods:Twenty-four C57BL/6J mice were divided into two groups by random number table method: healthy control group (control group, n=6) and irradiation group (whole liver was irradiated with a single dose of 30 Gy X-ray, n=18). Mice were sacrificed at 6, 24 and 72 h (6 mice per time point) after irradiation to obtain liver tissue and plasma samples. The contents of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in plasma were measured by automatic biochemical analyzer. The prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) were measured by automatic biochemical analyzer. Pathological changes of liver tissues were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The iron deposition in liver tissues was detected by Prussian blue staining. The expression levels of 4-Hydroxynonenal (4HNE) and hepcidin in the liver were determined by immunohistochemical staining, and quantitative analysis was performed. Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and glutathione (GSH) content were determined by microplate reader analysis according to the kit instructions. The expression levels of transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1), p53, solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) in the liver were measured by Western blot. Results:Compared with the control group, the plasma contents of ALT ( t=5.15, 5.47, both P<0.001) , AST at 6 and 24 h after irradiation were increased ( t=8.42, 2.50, both P<0.001), the plasma PT was prolonged ( t=3.12, P=0.011) and the APTT was shortened ( t=3.26, P=0.009) at 72 h after radiation in the irradiation group. Histopathological results showed that evident liver edema was observed at 6, 24 and 72 h after irradiation ( t=9.58, 10.09, 18.70, all P<0.001). Different degrees of iron deposition were observed ( t=8.57, 15.31, 32.11, all P<0.001). The infiltration of hepcidin positive cells was significantly increased after irradiation ( t=5.36, 13.17, 17.11, all P<0.001). The number of 4HNE positive cells was significantly increased ( t=18.86, 22.67, 9.12, all P<0.001). At the same time, ionizing radiation induced a significant increase in plasma MDA content ( t=4.36, 7.47, 8.22, all P<0.001), and a decrease in SOD ( t=4.52, 5.80, 7.60, all P<0.001), T-AOC ( t=13.24, 20.49, 24.96, all P<0.001) and GSH ( t=2.78, 6.07, 11.25, P=0.020, <0.001, <0.001), respectively. The expression level of TfR1 protein was significantly up-regulated ( t=3.46, 5.40, P=0.026, 0.006), whereas that of GPX4 protein was significantly down-regulated ( t=11.88, 30.63, both P<0.001) at 24 and 72 h after irradiation. At 6, 24 and 72 h after irradiation, the expression level of p53 protein was significantly up-regulated and maintained at a high level ( t=7.84, 4.25, 8.22, P=0.001, 0.013, 0.001), while that of SLC7A11 protein was significantly down-regulated ( t=9.29, 19.96, 9.09, all P<0.001). Conclusion:Ionizing radiation induces the ferroptosis in hepatocytes, and its mechanism may be related to the activation of p53-SLC7A11-GPX4 pathway.
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OBJECTIVE@#Current mainstream PET scattering correction methods are introduced and evaluated horizontally, and finally, the existing problems and development direction of scattering correction are discussed.@*METHODS@#Based on NeuWise Pro PET/CT products of Neusoft Medical System Co. Ltd. , the simulation experiment is carried out to evaluate the influence of radionuclide distribution out of FOV (field of view) on the scattering estimation accuracy of each method.@*RESULTS@#The scattering events produced by radionuclide out of FOV have an obvious impact on the spatial distribution of scattering, which should be considered in the model. The scattering estimation accuracy of Monte Carlo method is higher than single scatter simulation (SSS).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Clinically, if the activity of the adjacent parts out of the FOV is high, such as brain, liver, kidney and bladder, it is likely to lead to the deviation of scattering estimation. Considering the Monte Carlo scattering estimation of the distribution of radionuclide out of FOV, it's helpful to improve the accuracy of scattering distribution estimation.
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Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography , Scattering, Radiation , Computer Simulation , Brain , Monte Carlo Method , Phantoms, Imaging , Image Processing, Computer-AssistedABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effects of mTOR inhibitors everolimus (EVE) and gemcitabine (GEM) on the proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) cell line U2932, and further explore the molecular mechanisms, so as to provide new ideas and experimental basis for the clinical treatment of DLBCL.@*METHODS@#The effect of EVE and GEM on the proliferation of U2932 cells was detected by CCK-8 assay, the IC50 of the two drugs was calculated, and the combination index (CI=) of the two drugs was calculated by CompuSyn software. The effect of EVE and GEM on apoptosis of U2932 cells was detected by flow cytometry with AnnexinV-FITC/PI staining. Flow cytometry with propidium iodide (PI) staining was used to detect the effect of EVE and GEM on the cell cycle of U2932 cells. Western blot assay was used to detect the effects of EVE and GEM on the channel proteins p-mTOR and p-4EBP1, the anti-apoptotic proteins MCL-1 and Survivin, and the cell cycle protein Cyclin D1.@*RESULTS@#Both EVE and GEM could significantly inhitbit the proliferation of U2932 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner (r=0.465, 0.848; 0.555, 0.796). According to the calculation of CompuSyn software, EVE combined with GEM inhibited the proliferation of U2932 cells at 24, 48 and 72 h with CI=<1, which had a synergistic effect. After treated U2932 cells with 10 nmol/L EVE, 250 nmol/L GEM alone and in combination for 48 h, both EVE and GEM induced apoptosis, and the difference was statistically significant compared with the control group (P<0.05). The apoptosis rate was significantly enhanced after EVE in combination with GEM compared with single-agent (P<0.05). Both EVE and GEM alone and in combination significantly increased the proportion of cells in G1 phase compared with the control group (P<0.05). The proportion of cells in G1 phase was significantly increased when the two drugs were combined (P<0.05). The expression of p-mTOR and effector protein p-4EBP1 was significantly downregulated in the EVE combined with GEM group, the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins MCL-1, Survivin and cell cycle protein cyclin D1 was downregulated too (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#EVE combined with GEM can synergistically inhibit the proliferation of U2932 cells, and the mechanism may be that they can synergistically induce apoptosis by downregulating the expression of MCL-1 and Survivin proteins and block the cell cycle progression by downregulating the expression of Cyclin D1.
Subject(s)
Humans , Gemcitabine , Everolimus/pharmacology , Survivin/pharmacology , Cyclin D1/pharmacology , Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Proliferation , TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases , Apoptosis , Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins , Cell Cycle Proteins , Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, DiffuseABSTRACT
The present study aimed to investigate the protective effect of S-propargyl-cysteine (SPRC) on atherosclerosis progression in mice. A mouse model of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque was created in ApoE-/- mice by carotid artery tandem stenosis (TS) combined with a Western diet. Macrophotography, lipid profiles, and inflammatory markers were measured to evaluate the antiatherosclerotic effects of SPRC compared to atorvastatin as a control. Histopathological analysis was performed to assess the plaque stability. To explore the protective mechanism of SPRC, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured in vitro and challenged with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). Cell viability was determined with a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8). Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation and mRNA expression were detected by Western blot and RT-qPCR respectively. The results showed that the lesion area quantified by en face photographs of the aortic arch and carotid artery was significantly less, plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were reduced, plaque collagen content was increased and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) was decreased in 80 mg/kg per day SPRC-treated mice compared with model mice. These findings support the role of SPRC in plaque stabilization. In vitro studies revealed that 100 μmol/L SPRC increased the cell viability and the phosphorylation level of eNOS after ox-LDL challenge. These results suggest that SPRC delays the progression of atherosclerosis and enhances plaque stability. The protective effect may be at least partially related to the increased phosphorylation of eNOS in endothelial cells.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Mice , Atherosclerosis , Cholesterol/metabolism , Cysteine/pharmacology , Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/metabolism , Lipoproteins, LDL/pharmacology , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/metabolism , Phosphorylation , Plaque, Atherosclerotic/pathologyABSTRACT
A new siderophore chelate (1) and 8 known compounds were identified from the liquid co-cultures of the marine-derived Streptomyces sp. IMB18-531 and Cladosporium sp. IMB19-099 by a combination of chromatography methods, including C18 reversed-phase medium pressure chromatography, gel column chromatography and HPLC. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis and chemical methods as aluminioxamine E (1), desferrioxamine E (2), ferrioxamine E (3), terragine E (4), capsimicin (5), cyclo(L-prolinyl-L-tyrosine) (6), anthranilic acid (7), (Z)-14-methylpentadec-9-enoic acid (8), and (Z)-hexadec-8-enoic acid (9). Compound 2 showed inhibitory activities against the expression of liver fibrosis related genes COL1A1, MMP2, and TIMP2. Compounds 5, 8, and 9 displayed antibacterial activities against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis and Bacillus subtilis, with MICs of 16-64 μg·mL-1. Compound 5 showed cytotoxicities against human pancreatic cancer MIA Paca-2 and human colon cancer HT-29 cell lines with IC50 of 2.9 and 6.3 μmol·L-1, respectively.
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AIM:To observe the effect of implantable collamer lens V4c(ICL V4c)implantation on high myopia, and the changes in anterior segment morphology.METHODS:A prospective study was conducted on 100 patients(200 eyes)with high myopia who were treated with ICL V4c implantation in the hospital from February 2018 to March 2021. The best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA), intraocular pressure, higher-order aberration, anterior segment morphology [iridocorneal angle(ICA), central anterior chamber depth(ACD), anterior chamber volume(ACV), central corneal thickness(CCT)and K-value(K)], photopic and scotopic contrast sensitivity before operation and 6 and 12mo after operation were comparatively analyzed.RESULTS:All patients were followed-up. UCVA and BCVA were significantly improved at 6 and 12mo after operation(P<0.05). Total higher-order aberration, horizontal coma and vertical coma showed no significant difference before and after operation(P>0.05). Spherical aberration, ICA, ACD and ACV at 6 and 12mo after operation were significantly smaller than those before operation(P<0.05). Under photopic state, the contrast sensitivity of 3.0 and 6.0 c/d was significantly higher at 6 and 12mo after operation when compared with that before operation(P<0.05). Under scotopic state, the contrast sensitivity of 6.0 c/d was significantly higher at 6 and 12mo after operation when compared with that before operation(P<0.05); there was no significant difference in CCT, K, or intraocular pressure before and after operation(P>0.05).CONCLUSION:Although ICA, ACD and ACV in patients with high myopia are reduced after ICL V4c implantation, the operation can effectively improve visual acuity and visual quality.
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Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is the most common microvascular complication of patients with diabetes mellitus, and it has become one of the leading causes of visual impairment among working-age people worldwide. The pathogenesis of DR is complicated with multiple mechanisms. Plenty of studies have indicated that circadian rhythm and clock genes are closely related to the pathogenesis of DR. Circadian rhythm is a physiological process regulated by clock genes, which takes 24h as a cycle and is consistent with the changes of light and dark outside. Circadian rhythm regulates various physiological activities of the body. The disturbance of circadian rhythm induces DR by affecting the blood glucose level and the physiological homeostasis of the eye in patients with diabetes mellitus, and clock genes may be involved in the pathogenesis of DR by regulating oxidative stress response, inflammatory response, retinal autophagy rhythm, mitochondrial dysfunction and endothelial progenitor cell function. This paper will introduce the generation and regulation mechanism of circadian rhythm, as well as the internal circadian rhythm of retina, and further discuss the influence of circadian rhythm and clock genes on the occurrence and development of DR, aiming to provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of DR.